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Electric field strength from AC conducting wire in form of a loop along z-axis?

Electrical Engineering Asked by Defindun on December 24, 2021

Let’s say I want to calculate the electric field strength from an AC conducting wire, with a certain frequency and current. The wire is in the form av a loop. I want to calculate the E-field along the symmetry axis (z-axis) of that loop of wire.

How would I go about it?


OLD POST BELOW:

Let’s say I want to calculate the electric field strength from an AC conducting loop of wire, with a certain frequency.

The total charge Q will be

$$Q=int i(t) dt$$

Since the current entering in one end of the wire, and at the same time exits at the other end, the total charge Q will be zero? Is this correct? Therefore the electric field strength will be zero?

3 Answers

without a core you won't have a magnetic force to define a charge constants. the magnetization will propagate at the speed of light thus produce the desired effects of the loop which could be a near zero drop of E through the field. thus you can't possibly measure E within a free space loop without several orders of magnitude of currents. lets say dozens to hundred of amps. in that case the conductor itself produces such a resistance that you can measure E from the magnetic field it creates in the conductor itself.

Answered by Lyx on December 24, 2021

I view a loop of wire, at low frequencies, as an excellent provider of displacement currents. I don't view the shape of the wire as a major influence (at low frequencies) on the interference generated.

Two parallel wires, radius 1mm and 1meter long and 1meter apart, have capacitance (ignoring the finite length) of

C = Eo * Er * 2 * PI * Length / natural_log[X * sqrt(X^2 -1)]

where

X = Num/Denom, Num is (Center-to-Center-separation)^2 for large separation, Denom is 2 * Radius2 * Radius2 [notice this is dimensionally neutral, thus is a fine argument to feed into a log-function]

Poking in the numbers, you'll see about 4pF between the 2 wires.

You start out with question about general shapes, then move to a specific (loop) shape.

Does this answer give you some insight?

I use this method to provide WORST CASE displacement currents from AC_power_cords that couple into sensitive nodes of signal chains. Or from switching power supply nodes (the drain of the MOSFET, switching 200 volts in 200 nanoSeconds).

Answered by analogsystemsrf on December 24, 2021

If same amount of Q is flowing in the loop wire as out of it (I_in = I_out), then net charge of the loop is Q=0 and there is no E-field (But there is a H/B-field).

There can only be Q in the wire if I_in != I_out for some time. Then the loop wire is behaving like a capacitor and there is some Q != 0 left in the loop of wire.

The site you linked shows a setup where there is "a ring of charge". So there is no current I involved. (There maybe was a current I_in to bring that charge Q onto the ring).

Answered by Stefan Wyss on December 24, 2021

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