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Does pithy need to mean terse?

English Language & Usage Asked on August 28, 2021

Google defines pithy as “(of language or style) terse and vigorously expressive.”

However from the meaning of pith with respect to fruits, the word doesn’t seem to contain the attribute of being terse. i.e. when describing a sentence or exposition as pithy I would be figuratively saying it contains a lot of pith/meat.

So I’m wondering if being terse or succinct is a connotation of pithy, or is it not necessary. Can a long sentence or exposition that has substance be called pithy?

4 Answers

So I'm wondering if being terse or succinct is a connotation of pithy, or is it not necessary. Can a long sentence or exposition that has substance be called pithy?

The OED's entries include (emphasis mine):

pithy, adj.
2a. Of language or style: full of concentrated meaning; conveying meaning forcibly through brevity of expression; concise, succinct; condensed in style; pointed, terse, aphoristic.
Source: Oxford English Dictionary

Where all the highlighted terms convey a sense of not using more words than is necessary. So, while a phrase/sentence described as pithy will often be a relatively short, I do not believe it has to be. A longer sentence could still be described as pithy, provided it is about as short as it can be while still getting its meaning across. Contrast with wordy, verbose, long-winded etc.


Etymologically speaking, the "terse, succinct" meaning would seem to come (at least indirectly) from the "fruit" related meaning. For pith the OED has as a "concrete use":

I. Concrete uses.
1. The soft internal tissue of a plant part; esp. a central cylinder of parenchyma in a stem or root. Also: a layer of spongy tissue lining the rind in certain fruits, especially citrus fruits, in which it is white and often bitter-tasting.

with dated citations back to c1150 (and an earlier undated use). For its "abstract" use (as pertains to sentences), it has both:

II. Abstract uses.
4.a. The innermost or central part of a thing; the essential or vital part; the spirit or essence; the core, the nub. Frequently in pith and marrow.

5.b. Force, power, energy (of words, speech, etc.). In later use chiefly: the quality of conveying meaning forcibly through brevity of expression; succinctness, conciseness.
First emphasis theirs; second mine

with dated uses back to around 1425 for sense 4.a. and 1531 for sense 5.b..

There would seem to be a progression from pith meaning the inner/internal tissue (of a plant), through the innermost or central part (the core or essence) before getting to "core" meaning of a phrase or sentence, by dint of it being brief, concise or succinct.

Correct answer by TripeHound on August 28, 2021

Though 'pithy' and 'terse' may arguably be considered synonyms, 'terse' means to use few words, while 'pithy' means to use few words expressively.

Answered by Chris on August 28, 2021

They may be synonymous in that they both describe speech that is brief and to the point, but one tends to have a positive connotation while the other is usually negative.

"Pithy" usually describes speech which gets to the point, and is usually used in a positive, complimentary way. It is synonymous with succinct, concise, significant, meaningful, and carefully honed.

"Terse" usually describes speech which is abrupt in a rude way. It is usually used disparagingly and is not complimentary. It is synoymous with curt, brusque, abrupt and blunt.

To answer your question then, they do not mean exactly the same thing and to describe someone or their speech as "pithy" does not necessarily mean they are rude or terse.

I don't claim to know the origins of the word "pithy" and how it relates to its fruity homonym, but as the pith of fruit tends to be sharp-tasting I would suggest that it is this quality of sharpness which underpins both.

Answered by Astralbee on August 28, 2021

Until today, I being 63 years of age always associated a negative implication when an author or speaker used the word "pithy".

The pith of the citrus fruit or pith of a stem, seems to be meaningless or little use.

The pith of a citrus fruit is thrown away, not eaten. The core of citrus fruit is what is savored and eaten to give wisdom. A hollow stem or pith may function for the plant, but appears to be empty space and invitation for a parasite to take hold and cause disease.

I come from both biology and medical degree, MD. I hope I got to the positive pith meaning enough for this audience discussion.

Answered by user407528 on August 28, 2021

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