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A problem on spectrum of a self-adjoint operator

Mathematics Asked by Surajit on November 29, 2021

Let $A$ be a positive self-adjoint linear operator (not necessarily bounded) in the Hilbert space $mathcal{H}$. Then $a=(1+A)^{-1}inmathcal{B}(mathcal{H})$. For a given $n$, let us consider the projection $e_n:={chi}_n(a)$ in $mathcal{R}({a})$ ($mathcal{R}({a})$ stands for the von Neumann algebra generated by the element $a$). Then both of $Ae_n$ and $ae_n$ are bounded self-adjoint operators in $mathcal{R}({a})$.

Problem: Prove that for $lambdaneq0$, $frac{1-lambda}{lambda}insigma(Ae_n)implieslambdainsigma(ae_n)$.

P.S. I got stuck in this while reading Section $9.10$ of the book ‘Lectures on von Neumann algebras’ by Strătilă and Zsidó. More specifically, where they consider the map $mathcal{B}(sigma(Ae_n))ni fmapsto F_f(ae_n)inmathcal{B}(mathcal{H})$. To make sense of this, we need to have $F_f$ defined on $sigma(ae_n)$ for $f$ defined on $sigma(Ae_n)$. But $F_f(lambda):=begin{cases}
0 &text{ if } lambda=0,\
f((1-lambda)/lambda) &text{ if } lambdain (0,1].
end{cases}$
.
Hence I got the above problem. I was trying with the property that $frac{1-lambda}{lambda}insigma(Ae_n)implies f((1-lambda)/lambda)insigma(f(Ae_n))$ for any continuous function $f$ on $sigma(Ae_n)$ but did not get anything. Thanks in advance for any help.

One Answer

You have $$ e_n=1_{big(tfrac1{n+1},inftybig)}(a)=1_{big(tfrac1{n+1},inftybig)}((1+A)^{-1})=1_{(0,n)}(A). $$ Then $$ Ae_n=A,1_{(0,n)}(A),$$ $$ae_n=(1+A)^{-1},1_{(0,n)}(A)=Big(tfrac1{1+t},1_{(0,n)}(t)Big)(A). $$ So, if $lambdainsigma(ae_n)$, then $lambda=tfrac1{1+alpha}$ with $alphainsigma(A)cap(0,n)$ and $$ frac{1-lambda}{lambda}=frac{1}{lambda}-1=1+alpha-1=alpha. $$ Conversely, if $tfrac{1-lambda}{lambda}insigma(Ae_n)$, then $$ lambda=frac{1}{1+frac{1-lambda}{lambda}}insigma(ae_n). $$

Answered by Martin Argerami on November 29, 2021

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