Physics Asked by Marijn on August 18, 2020
When an aluminum plate is placed between two wires (lying parallel to each other), it doesn’t change the repelling nor attracting force between the wires when a current is passing through them.
But when you encouter with a magnet a coil of wire there is a current induced in this coil and by Lenz’law the coil will produce an equal magnetic field which would repel the magnet.
Now I should expect that this also would happen with the two wires, that in the aluminium plate an equal magnetic field is induced no matter what direction the current is. But this doesn’t happen. Why not? Or did I mix things up?
the plate has 3 dimentions, height, width and thickness. And In the setup of the experiment i've seen ("for the love of physics" on youtube)
As a result the induced current loops in the plate during the wires turn on/off occur mostly in the thickness of the plate. These eddy current loops being contained in size by the small thickness have little effect on the magnetic field
Answered by Manu de Hanoi on August 18, 2020
Imagine the set-up of your two wires and a sheet of metal in between them. The electrons in the metal are static (for our purposes), hence the Lorentz force they experience is $boldsymbol v times boldsymbol B = 0$. So the electrons stay static, and static charges don't generate a magnetic field. In other words: while it is true that a metal shields electric fields, it doesn't shield magnetic fields.
(As a comment to your note about a magnetic field being induced in a coil near a magnet: only if you move the coil; if you have a static coil near a magnet, the coil has no induced magnetic field.)
Answered by Ruben Verresen on August 18, 2020
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