AWS Lambda query to Redshift once a day

Normally you will find many AWS tools are able to solve the same problem. The right choice depends of your priorities. What are you looking for lowest cost? efficiency? convinience?

I answer your questions below:

Is it a good usage pattern to use AWS Lambda (Python) and Redshift for such task? Yes it's ok. Redshift is normally a very expensive service, are you sure you need Redshift here?

Should I choose Java vs Python vs NodeJS for AWS Lambda? Which one has a better support for querying Redshift?

Java will require an event bridge call every 5 minutes or so if you want to avoid cold starts. Apart from that it really is up to you.

Both Lambda and Redshift would be in the same VPC, and using the same private subnets for egress NAT gateway, is this secured setup? It's ok but again NAT Gateways are expensive. Depending on the problem you are trying to solve there might be some work around.

Any sample code to share on this setup? https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/big-data/building-an-event-driven-application-with-aws-lambda-and-the-amazon-redshift-data-api/

Does AWS Lambda has a regular scheduler to trigger every 24hrs? Or is it simply based on events? Yes you can use cron or similar to program the lambda trigger using event bridge.

Since application database is in DynamoDB, is it more efficient and easier to setup for AWS Lambda to query DynamoDB for similar data instead? I'm a bit confused with this last question, but normally is very easy to query Dynamo fom lambda.

Edit: Typo

I'll try to answer your question with the best intentions:

1. Yes, there is no argument to not do this.
2. It solely depends on your preference. All languages offer support for your use case.
3. This is perfectly fine. As you're managing further access rights with IAM, you just have to look that your egress traffic from your lambda function is properly monitored.
4. There is a lot out there. Just have a look.
5. You can set up a CloudWatch rule with a CRON string that will invoke your function as you need it. Also, you can set up a lot of other triggers for your functions like DynamoDB streams, CloudWatch log events, ... there are endless possibilities.
6. If you just want to do a regularly query to gather some data, there's no difference where your data is actually stored.