Find the number of clusters using clusGAP function in R

The issue here is that you have specified K.max as 100, however, you only have eight observations in your dataset. As noted in the clusGap documentation, K.max is the
the maximum number of clusters to consider, hence, in your case, K.max cannot be greater than seven.

It is unclear to me that clustering is appropriate on a dataset of such small size. Nevertheless, please see below a working implementation. I have modified the plot_clusgap function from the R/Bioconductor phyloseq package to visualize the results.

library(data.table)
library(cluster)
library(factoextra) # for hcut function

df <- data.table(properties = c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8),
                latitude = c(-24.779225, -24.789635, -24.763461, -24.794394, -24.747102,-24.781307,-24.761081,-24.761084),
                longitude = c(-49.934816, -49.922324, -49.911616, -49.906262, -49.890796,-49.8875254,-49.8875254,-49.922244),
                waste = c(526, 350, 526, 469, 285, 433, 456,825))

df <- scale(df)

# perform clustering, B = 500 is recommended
hcluster = clusGap(df, FUN = hcut, K.max = 7, B = 500)

# extract results
dat <- data.table(hcluster$Tab)
dat[, k := .I]

# visualize gap statistic
p <- ggplot(dat, aes(k, gap)) + geom_line() + geom_point(size = 3) +
  geom_errorbar(aes(ymax = gap + SE.sim, ymin = gap - SE.sim), width = 0.25) +
  ggtitle("Clustering Results") +
  labs(x = "Number of Clusters", y = "Gap Statistic") +
  theme(plot.title = element_text(size = 16, hjust = 0.5, face = "bold"),
        axis.title = element_text(size = 12, face = "bold"))

Here is the resulting figure:

I should note that all the gap statistic values are negative. This indicates that the optimal number of clusters is k = 1 (i.e., no clustering).