MiKTeX: Error After Update: "Sorry, but pdflatex did not succeed."

Question

I updated MiKTeX yesterday.
pdflatex stopped to work (luatex is not affected).

The log file (C:UsersmanuAppDataLocalMiKTeX2.9miktexlogpdflatex.log) states:

2019-07-18 18:54:02,500+0200 INFO  pdflatex - starting with command line: pdflatex my_LaTeX_File.tex
2019-07-18 18:54:02,516+0200 INFO  pdflatex - allowing known shell commands
2019-07-18 18:54:02,516+0200 INFO  pdflatex - enabling input (output) from (to) processes
2019-07-18 18:54:02,516+0200 FATAL pdflatex - MiKTeX encountered an internal error.
2019-07-18 18:54:02,516+0200 FATAL pdflatex - Info: 
2019-07-18 18:54:02,516+0200 FATAL pdflatex - Source: LibrariesMiKTeXCoreSessionconfig.cpp
2019-07-18 18:54:02,516+0200 FATAL pdflatex - Line: 526
2019-07-18 18:54:02,516+0200 INFO  pdflatex - finishing with exit code 1

My MWE looks like:

documentclass{article}

begin{document}

Test

end{document}

Any ideas for a quick fix?

Update 1

I followed the advice from user "Bernard" and user "Mensch".
I got a new error: The MiKTeX configuration utility failed for some reason. The process output has been saved to a file.
The log file contains the following:

initexmf.log
----------
2019-07-19 12:30:07,559+0200 INFO  initexmf - starting: MiKTeX Configuration Utility 2.9.7076 (MiKTeX 2.9.7050 64-bit)
2019-07-19 12:30:07,559+0200 INFO  initexmf - Operating on the private (per-user) MiKTeX setup
2019-07-19 12:30:07,559+0200 INFO  initexmf - starting with command line: initexmf --dump=pdfetex
2019-07-19 12:30:07,559+0200 INFO  initexmf - running: miktex-makefmt.exe --engine=pdftex --dest-name=pdfetex --no-dump pdfetex.ini --engine-option=-tcx=cp227.tcx --miktex-disable-maintenance
2019-07-19 12:30:10,350+0200 ERROR initexmf - sub-process error output has been saved to 'C:UsersmanuAppDataLocalMiKTeX2.9miktexlogmiktex-makefmt_2019-07-19-123010.out'
2019-07-19 12:30:10,350+0200 FATAL initexmf - The executed process did not succeed.
2019-07-19 12:30:10,350+0200 FATAL initexmf - Info: fileName="C:UsersmanuAppDataLocalProgramsMiKTeX 2.9miktexbinx64miktex-makefmt.exe", exitCode="1"
2019-07-19 12:30:10,350+0200 FATAL initexmf - Source: 
2019-07-19 12:30:10,350+0200 FATAL initexmf - Line: 0

Maybe I just deinstall MiKTeX and try TeXLive.

Final Solution

Final Solution: I deleted MiKTeX and installed TeXLive.

Mensch · Answer

Well, rebuilding the format(s) is a little bit hiddden in MiKTeX Console:

Open MiKTeX Console (I have an admin installation, so I used admin mode)
Click on Settings (red arrow, marked 1)
Click on Formats (red arrow, marked 2) 
Scroll down to find pdflatex and click on it to mark it with the blue line (red arrow, marked 3)
Click on Build format (red circle, marked 4)

That rebuilds the format for pdflatex. Seems that in your installation the run for that format building was faulty ...

Happend from time to time to me too, I always proof all engines after updating MiKTeX with a small test program for proper running ...

sebastianhaas · Answer

I solved this by starting the MiKTex Console and doing the following steps:

Go to Cleanup
Choose to reset your local configuration

This will delete your local (user-level) configuration of MiKTex and apparently get me going again.

misteeque · Answer

This may help someone:
In my case the event log got stuck at this point:
INFO  miktex-xelatex - this process (6743) started by 'texstudio' with command line: /Users/username/bin/miktex-xelatex
INFO  miktex-xelatex - allowing known shell commands
INFO  miktex-xelatex - enabling input (output) from (to) processes

Even after waiting for long, nothing happened after this.
When I checked my "Configure TexStudio" settings, they were like so:

Then I changed it to the following: (check the Latex, Pdflatex, Xelatex commands)

(could be done easily by clicking the button circled in red above)
And voila! Things then worked normally!
The problem was with correctly formatting the commands and including filenames.

MiKTeX: Error After Update: "Sorry, but pdflatex did not succeed."

Update 1

Final Solution

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