Setting the vertical height of a row that uses `diagbox`

Question

I am trying to set the vertical height of a row which uses diagbox to be smaller, but past techniques such as setarstrut and cellspace appear to not be working thus far. In particular, I am able to almost create the table exactly as sought, but the the row with the diagonal is too tall. How exactly can one set this particular row to be a constant height (e.g. to match the height of the other rows)?
documentclass{article}
usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
usepackage{diagbox}
usepackage{amsmath}

begin{document}

centering
    renewcommand{arraystretch}{1.25}
begin{tabular}{ |p{0.8cm}|p{1.1cm}|p{1.1cm}|p{1.1cm}|p{1.1cm}|p{1.1cm}|p{1.1cm}| }
 hline
 multicolumn{7}{|c|}{Table} 
 hline
 backslashbox{$P_1$kern-1em}{kern-1em$P_2$} & $10$ & $50$ & $100$ &$500$ &$1000$ &$5000$
 hline
 $10$ & 0.0238 & 0.0238  & 0.0087 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238

hline
 $50$ & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238

hline
 $100$ & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238

hline
 $500$ & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0065 & 0.0081 & 0.0083 & 0.0129

hline
end{tabular}
end{document}

F. Pantigny · Accepted Answer

The environement {NiceTabular} of nicematrix has a built-in command diagbox which gives directly the expected output. Moreover, you have a key hvlines which draws all the rules excepted in the blocks (multicolumn here).
documentclass{article}
usepackage{nicematrix}
begin{document}
centering
renewcommand{arraystretch}{1.25}
begin{NiceTabular}{ |p{0.8cm}|p{1.1cm}|p{1.1cm}|p{1.1cm}|p{1.1cm}|p{1.1cm}|>{arraybackslash}p{1.1cm}| }[hvlines]
 multicolumn{7}{c}{Table} 
 diagbox{$P_1$}{$P_2$} & $10$ & $50$ & $100$ &$500$ &$1000$ &$5000$
 $10$ & 0.0238 & 0.0238  & 0.0087 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 
 $50$ & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 
 $100$ & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 
 $500$ & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0065 & 0.0081 & 0.0083 & 0.0129 
end{NiceTabular}
end{document}

However, you need several compilations (because nicematrix uses PGF/Tikz nodes).

Zarko · Answer

Replace column type in the first column to c:
documentclass{article}
usepackage{diagbox}
usepackage{siunitx}

begin{document}

centering
    renewcommand{arraystretch}{1.25}
begin{tabular}{ |c| *{6}{S[table-format=1.4]|} }
    hline
 multicolumn{7}{|c|}{Table} 
    hline
backslashbox{$P_1$kern-1em}{kern-1em$P_2$} 
        & {10}   & {50}     & {100}  & {500}  & {1000} & {5000}     
    hline
 10     & 0.0238 & 0.0238   & 0.0087 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238     
    hline
 50     & 0.0238 & 0.0238   & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238     
    hline
 100    & 0.0238 & 0.0238   & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238     
    hline
 500    & 0.0238 & 0.0238   & 0.0065 & 0.0081 & 0.0083 & 0.0129     
    hline
end{tabular}
end{document}

Addendum:
But, your table I would rather write as follows:
documentclass{article}
usepackage{booktabs, diagbox}
usepackage{siunitx}
usepackage[skip=0.333lineskip]{caption}

begin{document}

begin{table}[ht]
    caption*{Table}
    centering
begin{tabular}{S[table-format=3.0]
           *{6}{S[table-format=1.4]} }
    toprule
{multirow{2.2}{*}{$P_1$}}
        &   multicolumn{6}{c}{$P_2$} 
    cmidrule(l){2-7}
        & {10}   & {50}     & {100}  & {500}  & {1000} & {5000}     
    midrule
 10     & 0.0238 & 0.0238   & 0.0087 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238     
 50     & 0.0238 & 0.0238   & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238     
    addlinespace
 100    & 0.0238 & 0.0238   & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238 & 0.0238     
 500    & 0.0238 & 0.0238   & 0.0065 & 0.0081 & 0.0083 & 0.0129     
    bottomrule
end{tabular}
    end{table}
end{document}

Setting the vertical height of a row that uses `diagbox`

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