text alignment in caption of table

Question

I am trying make a caption at the bottom of the table but I want the text to continue under the Table number. Instead i get this:

and this is my code. Thank you!
begin{table}
centering
 begin{threeparttable}
   
     begin{tabular}{lllll}
        toprule
multicolumn{1}{l}{}    ($delta_i,c_i$)          & textbf{low} $boldsymbol{c_i}$} & textbf{high} $boldsymbol{c_i}$}                       midrule
multirow{4}{*}{textbf{high} $boldsymbol{delta_i}$}} & EU (13.8,54.8)              & multicolumn{1}{c}{multirow{4}{*}{-}} 
                                        & India (11.7, 65.8)           & multicolumn{1}{c}{}                   
                                        & China (11.0, 18.8)           & multicolumn{1}{c}{}                   
                                        & US (10.6, 32.9)              & multicolumn{1}{c}{}                    midrule
multirow{3}{*}{textbf{low} $boldsymbol{delta_i}$}}  & Russia (3.5, 93.9)         & Japan (2.4, 219.2 )                            
                                        & Brazil (2.9, 34.6)         & Canada (1.0, 328.8)                         
                                        &                  & S. Africa (0.7, 328.8)                         
                                       % cmidrule(l){2-3}  
                                       bottomrule
     end{tabular}
    begin{tablenotes}
      small
      item Source: citet{holtsmark2020}, based on estimates from citet{nordhaus2015climate} and Mclkinsey (2009).  
 caption{ A high $delta_i$ implies high marginal damages from emissions while a high $c_i$ implies high marginal abatement costs (for any given level of abatement) and for our model specification $c_i=1/phi_i$.}

end{tablenotes}
  end{threeparttable}
end{table}

Zarko · Accepted Answer

I also not sure, how you like to have formated captions. For example as:

In this case your MWE, using threeparttablex and clean-up all not needed multicolumns can be:
documentclass{article}
usepackage{amsmath}
usepackage{booktabs, multirow}
usepackage[referable]{threeparttablex}
usepackage{caption}
captionsetup[table]{font=small, labelfont = {bf, sf}, 
              singlelinecheck=false}

begin{document}
    begin{table}
    centering
 begin{threeparttable}
     begin{tabular}{lll}
        toprule
($delta_i,c_i$) & textbf{low} $boldsymbol{c_i}$ & textbf{high} $boldsymbol{c_i}$  
        midrule
multirow{4}{*}{textbf{high} $boldsymbol{delta_i}$} 
    & EU (13.8,54.8)        &  multirow{4}{*}{---}     
    & India (11.7, 65.8)    &                           
    & China (11.0, 18.8)    &                           
    & US (10.6, 32.9)       &                           
        midrule
multirow{3}{*}{textbf{low} $boldsymbol{delta_i}$} 
    & Russia (3.5, 93.9)    & Japan (2.4, 219.2 )       
    & Brazil (2.9, 34.6)    & Canada (1.0, 328.8)       
    &                       & S. Africa (0.7, 328.8)    
        bottomrule
     end{tabular}
    begin{tablenotes}[flushleft, online]footnotesize
    source{Holtsmark and Weitzman (2020), based on estimates from Nordhaus(2015) and Mclkinsey (2009).}
      end{tablenotes}
 caption{ A high $delta_i$ implies high marginal damages from emissions while a high $c_i$ implies high marginal abatement costs (for any given level of abatement) and for our model specification $c_i=1/phi_i$.}
 end{threeparttable}
    end{table}
end{document}

Bernard · Answer

Not sure I understood perfectly what you want, but is it something like this?
documentclass{article}
usepackage{amsmath}
usepackage{booktabs}
usepackage{caption}
usepackage{multirow}
usepackage{threeparttable}

begin{document}

begin{table}
centering
captionsetup{labelfont = {bf, sf}, indention=1cm}
 begin{threeparttable}
     begin{tabular}{lll}
        toprule
multicolumn{1}{l}{} ($delta_i,c_i$) & textbf{low} $boldsymbol{c_i}$ & textbf{high} $boldsymbol{c_i}$  midrule
multirow{4}{*}{textbf{high} $boldsymbol{delta_i}$} & EU (13.8,54.8) & multicolumn{1}{l}{multirow{4}{*}{---}} 
                                        & India (11.7, 65.8) & multicolumn{1}{c}{} 
                                        & China (11.0, 18.8) & multicolumn{1}{c}{} 
                                        & US (10.6, 32.9) & multicolumn{1}{c}{}  midrule
multirow{3}{*}{textbf{low} $boldsymbol{delta_i}$} & Russia (3.5, 93.9) & Japan (2.4, 219.2 ) 
                                        & Brazil (2.9, 34.6) & Canada (1.0, 328.8) 
                                        & & S. Africa (0.7, 328.8) 
                                       % cmidrule(l){2-3}
                                       bottomrule
     end{tabular}
    begin{tablenotes}[flushleft, online]
      small
      item[Source:] Holtsmark and Weitzman (2020), based on estimates from Nordhaus(2015) and Mclkinsey (2009).
      end{tablenotes}
 caption{ A high $delta_i$ implies high marginal damages from emissions while a high $c_i$ implies high marginal abatement costs (for any given level of abatement) and for our model specification $c_i=1/phi_i$.}
  end{threeparttable}
end{table}

end{document}

text alignment in caption of table

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